Immigration ads sit in a restricted category on Meta, so build for broad targeting
Social platforms have generally treated immigration as a sensitive or social issue topic, which strips out the detailed targeting most agencies plan around.
Anyone proposing to target you an audience of recent arrivals from a particular country, or people interested in a particular visa, is describing a plan the platform will most likely refuse to run. Immigration ads have for some time fallen into restricted handling on the major social platforms, usually involving an authorization step, a disclaimer, and sharply limited targeting options. Policy changes often, so confirm the current position before the media plan is signed.
Work with the constraint instead of fighting it. When the targeting is broad, the creative does the segmentation. An ad in Spanish speaking directly about a work permit reaches the right person by being unmistakably for them, whether or not the platform will let you filter the audience.
Language and placement are usually still available, and geography is. A Miami-Dade radius with Spanish creative behaves like a targeted campaign even when the interest options are gone.
Budget accordingly. Broad delivery means the learning phase eats more impressions before it settles, so a social test that is underfunded will tell you nothing at all rather than telling you no.